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The function of the tap changer is mainly to change the turns ratio of the transformer By changing this turns ratio the output voltage changes The value of this voltage depends on the input voltage
The tap changer is installed at the high voltage side of the transformer where the current is smaller
Now when do we need to use the tap changer
1 If this transformer is used to feed a load at a distance from the transformer and this load increased then the voltage at the load end will decrease and thus the voltage has to be corrected and raised The same when the load decreases, the voltage has to be corrected
2 If the transformer is in parallel connection with the unified grid, thus we can say that the voltage at the load end will be constant, thus changing the transformer output voltage up and down will not effect the voltage level it will effect the delivered MVAR (reactive power ) to the load
Any transformer is designed to operate at different voltages and amperes rather than the rated values as long as the delivered MVA does not exceed the rated MVA
For our 33 kV/ 69kV transformer with rated MVA 61.5 the tap changer changes the voltage of this transformer from 62.10kV up to 75.9kV
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